horizontal application การใช้

• To provide for direct horizontal application, two textual changes were made.
• Section 8 ( 2 ), on the other hand, deals with direct horizontal application.
• Horizontal applications are more popular and widespread, because they are general purpose, for example word processors or databases.
• Regardless of a vertical or horizontal application, temperatures should not go below 33 degrees Fahrenheit to prevent water from freezing.
• Further, because of the horizontal application of the Bill of Rights, rights may be limited by the actions or decisions of other persons.
• Similar configurations are used for both floor joist and rafter assemblies, but in a horizontal application for floors, and a horizontal or sloped application for roof framing.
• Version 7 of eRoom, which was released later that year, added a library of horizontal applications for audit management, deal management, customer management and project management.
• However, despite Khumalo, indirect horizontal application  has proven to be extremely robust and remains the preferred judicial method for dealing with rights claims in the horizontal dimension . 
• In certain circumstances, the Bill of Rights directly protects individuals against abuses of their rights by other individuals, by providing for the direct horizontal application of the Bill of Rights.
• "Most of the horizontal applications, like spreadsheets, are really free because they're being sold at cost in order to get the vendor an ongoing stream of upgrade revenues, " she said.
• While clearly envisaging direct horizontal application in applicable cases, the 1996 Bill of Rights also requires the courts to apply the Bill of Rights indirectly, in similar terms to section 35 ( 3 ) of the interim Constitution.
• High Courts still possess the jurisdiction to depart from pre-constitutional statutory interpretations of the AD .  Currie and De Waal argue that  a great deal also turns on the distinction between direct and indirect application .  Khumalo v Holomisa appears to treat direct horizontal application as a relatively simple and unexceptional process.
• The view of Currie and De Waal is that Barkhuizen  largely renders s 8 ( 2 ) nugatory .  The Constitution applies to all law and, in the case of the common law (  the courts own law ), the default approach of the courts is to assess its constitutionality and to develop it where necessary by way of the indirect application methodology set out below .  The only remaining reason to deploy direct horizontal application would be to take advantage of the holding of the Supreme Court of Appeal in Afrox Healthcare v Strydom, to the effect that courts in direct-application cases are not bound by pre-1994 decisions.